diff --git a/src-tauri/src/commands/dev_variables.rs b/src-tauri/src/commands/dev_variables.rs
index 1353d3d..8640fd3 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/commands/dev_variables.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/commands/dev_variables.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 //! 项目级开发变量本体。SQLite 只保存元数据和随机引用；值仅驻留受保护存储。
 use rusqlite::{params, Connection};
-use serde::Serialize;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
 use crate::credential_store::{
     delete_references, put_verified, restore_references, CredentialStore,
@@ -11,10 +11,22 @@ pub struct DevVariableStatus {
     pub project_id: String,
     pub name: String,
     pub purpose: String,
+    pub kind: String,
+    pub service: Option<String>,
+    pub environment: Option<String>,
     pub configured: bool,
     pub updated_at: String,
 }
 
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct TestAccountValue {
+    pub username: String,
+    pub password: String,
+}
+
+const SCALAR_KIND: &str = "scalar";
+const TEST_ACCOUNT_KIND: &str = "test_account";
+
 fn normalized_name(name: &str) -> Result<String, String> {
     let name = name.trim().to_ascii_uppercase();
     if name.is_empty()
@@ -52,6 +64,34 @@ fn reference(conn: &Connection, project_id: &str, name: &str) -> Result<Option<S
     .map_err(|_| "开发变量未登记".to_string())
 }
 
+fn require_kind(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    project_id: &str,
+    name: &str,
+    expected_kind: &str,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let kind: String = conn
+        .query_row(
+            "SELECT kind FROM project_dev_variables WHERE project_id=?1 AND name=?2",
+            params![project_id, name],
+            |row| row.get(0),
+        )
+        .map_err(|_| "开发需求未登记".to_string())?;
+    if kind != expected_kind {
+        return Err("开发需求类型不匹配".into());
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn metadata(value: &str, label: &str, max_chars: usize) -> Result<String, String> {
+    let value = value.trim();
+    if value.is_empty() || value.chars().count() > max_chars || value.chars().any(char::is_control)
+    {
+        return Err(format!("{label}须为 1–{max_chars} 字且不含控制字符"));
+    }
+    Ok(value.to_string())
+}
+
 pub fn register(
     conn: &Connection,
     project_id: &str,
@@ -60,16 +100,58 @@ pub fn register(
 ) -> Result<(), String> {
     require_project(conn, project_id)?;
     let name = normalized_name(name)?;
-    let purpose = purpose.trim();
-    if purpose.is_empty() || purpose.chars().count() > 240 || purpose.chars().any(char::is_control)
-    {
-        return Err("用途说明须为 1–240 字且不含控制字符".into());
-    }
+    let purpose = metadata(purpose, "用途说明", 240)?;
     conn.execute(
         "INSERT OR IGNORE INTO project_dev_variables (project_id,name,purpose) VALUES (?1,?2,?3)",
         params![project_id, name, purpose],
     )
     .map_err(|_| "登记开发变量失败".to_string())?;
+    require_kind(conn, project_id, &name, SCALAR_KIND)?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn register_test_account(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    project_id: &str,
+    name: &str,
+    service: &str,
+    environment: &str,
+    purpose: &str,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    require_project(conn, project_id)?;
+    let name = normalized_name(name)?;
+    let service = metadata(service, "目标系统", 80)?;
+    let environment = metadata(environment, "测试环境", 80)?;
+    if matches!(
+        environment.to_ascii_lowercase().as_str(),
+        "prod" | "production" | "live"
+    ) || environment.contains("生产")
+    {
+        return Err("测试账户不得登记生产环境".into());
+    }
+    let purpose = metadata(purpose, "用途说明", 240)?;
+    conn.execute(
+        "INSERT OR IGNORE INTO project_dev_variables
+         (project_id,name,purpose,kind,service,environment)
+         VALUES (?1,?2,?3,'test_account',?4,?5)",
+        params![project_id, name, purpose, service, environment],
+    )
+    .map_err(|_| "登记测试账户需求失败".to_string())?;
+    let existing: (String, String, Option<String>, Option<String>) = conn
+        .query_row(
+            "SELECT kind,purpose,service,environment FROM project_dev_variables
+             WHERE project_id=?1 AND name=?2",
+            params![project_id, name],
+            |row| Ok((row.get(0)?, row.get(1)?, row.get(2)?, row.get(3)?)),
+        )
+        .map_err(|_| "查询测试账户需求失败".to_string())?;
+    if existing.0 != TEST_ACCOUNT_KIND
+        || existing.1 != purpose
+        || existing.2.as_deref() != Some(service.as_str())
+        || existing.3.as_deref() != Some(environment.as_str())
+    {
+        return Err("同名需求的类型或用途不同，请更换名称".into());
+    }
     Ok(())
 }
 
@@ -81,7 +163,7 @@ pub fn list(
     require_project(conn, project_id)?;
     let mut statement = conn
         .prepare(
-            "SELECT name,purpose,credential_ref,updated_at FROM project_dev_variables
+            "SELECT name,purpose,kind,service,environment,credential_ref,updated_at FROM project_dev_variables
              WHERE project_id=?1 ORDER BY name",
         )
         .map_err(|_| "查询开发变量失败".to_string())?;
@@ -90,23 +172,31 @@ pub fn list(
             Ok((
                 row.get::<_, String>(0)?,
                 row.get::<_, String>(1)?,
-                row.get::<_, Option<String>>(2)?,
-                row.get::<_, String>(3)?,
+                row.get::<_, String>(2)?,
+                row.get::<_, Option<String>>(3)?,
+                row.get::<_, Option<String>>(4)?,
+                row.get::<_, Option<String>>(5)?,
+                row.get::<_, String>(6)?,
             ))
         })
         .map_err(|_| "查询开发变量失败".to_string())?;
     let mut statuses = Vec::new();
     for row in rows {
-        let (name, purpose, reference, updated_at) =
+        let (name, purpose, kind, service, environment, reference, updated_at) =
             row.map_err(|_| "查询开发变量失败".to_string())?;
         let configured = match reference {
             Some(reference) => {
-                store
+                let bytes = store
                     .get(&reference)
                     .map_err(|_| "开发变量状态 needs_repair：受保护存储不可用".to_string())?
-                    .ok_or_else(|| "开发变量状态 needs_repair：凭证引用缺失".to_string())?
-                    .len()
-                    > 0
+                    .ok_or_else(|| "开发变量状态 needs_repair：凭证引用缺失".to_string())?;
+                if kind == TEST_ACCOUNT_KIND {
+                    serde_json::from_slice::<TestAccountValue>(&bytes)
+                        .map(|value| !value.username.is_empty() && !value.password.is_empty())
+                        .map_err(|_| "测试账户状态 needs_repair：值格式无效".to_string())?
+                } else {
+                    !bytes.is_empty()
+                }
             }
             None => false,
         };
@@ -114,6 +204,9 @@ pub fn list(
             project_id: project_id.to_string(),
             name,
             purpose,
+            kind,
+            service,
+            environment,
             configured,
             updated_at,
         });
@@ -126,9 +219,35 @@ pub fn read(
     store: &impl CredentialStore,
     project_id: &str,
     name: &str,
+) -> Result<String, String> {
+    read_value(conn, store, project_id, name, SCALAR_KIND)
+}
+
+pub fn read_test_account(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    store: &impl CredentialStore,
+    project_id: &str,
+    name: &str,
+) -> Result<TestAccountValue, String> {
+    let value = read_value(conn, store, project_id, name, TEST_ACCOUNT_KIND)?;
+    let account = serde_json::from_str::<TestAccountValue>(&value)
+        .map_err(|_| "测试账户状态 needs_repair：值格式无效".to_string())?;
+    if account.username.is_empty() || account.password.is_empty() {
+        return Err("测试账户状态 needs_repair：字段缺失".into());
+    }
+    Ok(account)
+}
+
+fn read_value(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    store: &impl CredentialStore,
+    project_id: &str,
+    name: &str,
+    expected_kind: &str,
 ) -> Result<String, String> {
     require_project(conn, project_id)?;
     let name = normalized_name(name)?;
+    require_kind(conn, project_id, &name, expected_kind)?;
     let reference =
         reference(conn, project_id, &name)?.ok_or_else(|| "开发变量尚未由用户填写".to_string())?;
     let bytes = store
@@ -144,9 +263,41 @@ pub fn save(
     project_id: &str,
     name: &str,
     value: &str,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    save_value(conn, store, project_id, name, value, SCALAR_KIND)
+}
+
+pub fn save_test_account(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    store: &impl CredentialStore,
+    project_id: &str,
+    name: &str,
+    username: &str,
+    password: &str,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    if username.is_empty() || password.is_empty() || username.len() > 1024 || password.len() > 1024
+    {
+        return Err("测试账号与密码均须为 1–1024 字节".into());
+    }
+    let value = serde_json::to_string(&TestAccountValue {
+        username: username.to_string(),
+        password: password.to_string(),
+    })
+    .map_err(|_| "序列化测试账户失败".to_string())?;
+    save_value(conn, store, project_id, name, &value, TEST_ACCOUNT_KIND)
+}
+
+fn save_value(
+    conn: &Connection,
+    store: &impl CredentialStore,
+    project_id: &str,
+    name: &str,
+    value: &str,
+    expected_kind: &str,
 ) -> Result<(), String> {
     require_project(conn, project_id)?;
     let name = normalized_name(name)?;
+    require_kind(conn, project_id, &name, expected_kind)?;
     if value.is_empty() || value.len() > 2560 {
         return Err("开发变量值长度须为 1–2560 字节".into());
     }
@@ -273,6 +424,26 @@ pub fn save_project_dev_variable(
     )
 }
 
+#[tauri::command]
+pub fn save_project_test_account(
+    project_id: String,
+    name: String,
+    username: String,
+    password: String,
+) -> Result<(), String> {
+    let conn = crate::db::pool()
+        .get()
+        .map_err(|_| "数据库不可用".to_string())?;
+    save_test_account(
+        &conn,
+        &crate::credential_store::WindowsCredentialStore,
+        &project_id,
+        &name,
+        &username,
+        &password,
+    )
+}
+
 #[tauri::command]
 pub fn revoke_project_dev_variable(project_id: String, name: String) -> Result<(), String> {
     let conn = crate::db::pool()
@@ -336,6 +507,137 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(read(&conn, &store, "p1", "E2E_PASSWORD").is_err());
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn test_account_is_one_idempotent_request_and_one_protected_value() {
+        let conn = fixture();
+        let store = MemoryCredentialStore::new();
+        register_test_account(
+            &conn,
+            "p1",
+            "E2E_LOGIN",
+            "enterprise-system",
+            "test",
+            "登录验收",
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        register_test_account(
+            &conn,
+            "p1",
+            "e2e_login",
+            "enterprise-system",
+            "test",
+            "登录验收",
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        assert!(register_test_account(
+            &conn,
+            "p1",
+            "E2E_LOGIN",
+            "another-system",
+            "test",
+            "登录验收"
+        )
+        .is_err());
+        assert!(register_test_account(
+            &conn,
+            "p1",
+            "PROD_LOGIN",
+            "enterprise-system",
+            "production",
+            "登录验收"
+        )
+        .is_err());
+        assert!(register(&conn, "p1", "E2E_LOGIN", "普通变量").is_err());
+        let statuses = list(&conn, &store, "p1").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(statuses.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(statuses[0].kind, TEST_ACCOUNT_KIND);
+        assert_eq!(statuses[0].service.as_deref(), Some("enterprise-system"));
+        assert!(!statuses[0].configured);
+        save_test_account(
+            &conn,
+            &store,
+            "p1",
+            "E2E_LOGIN",
+            "qa-only-user",
+            "qa-only-password",
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        let status_json = serde_json::to_string(&list(&conn, &store, "p1").unwrap()).unwrap();
+        assert!(!status_json.contains("qa-only-user"));
+        assert!(!status_json.contains("qa-only-password"));
+        assert!(read(&conn, &store, "p1", "E2E_LOGIN").is_err());
+        assert!(save(&conn, &store, "p1", "E2E_LOGIN", "wrong-type").is_err());
+        let account = read_test_account(&conn, &store, "p1", "E2E_LOGIN").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(account.username, "qa-only-user");
+        assert_eq!(account.password, "qa-only-password");
+        revoke(&conn, &store, "p1", "E2E_LOGIN").unwrap();
+        assert!(read_test_account(&conn, &store, "p1", "E2E_LOGIN").is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn failed_test_account_overwrite_preserves_both_old_fields() {
+        let conn = fixture();
+        register_test_account(
+            &conn,
+            "p1",
+            "E2E_LOGIN",
+            "enterprise-system",
+            "test",
+            "登录验收",
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        let old_ref = "dev-variable/qa-only-account-old";
+        let store = MemoryCredentialStore::failing_delete_for(old_ref);
+        save_test_account(&conn, &store, "p1", "E2E_LOGIN", "old-user", "old-password").unwrap();
+        let generated_ref: String = conn
+            .query_row(
+                "SELECT credential_ref FROM project_dev_variables WHERE project_id='p1' AND name='E2E_LOGIN'",
+                [],
+                |row| row.get(0),
+            )
+            .unwrap();
+        store
+            .put(old_ref, &store.get(&generated_ref).unwrap().unwrap())
+            .unwrap();
+        conn.execute(
+            "UPDATE project_dev_variables SET credential_ref=?1 WHERE project_id='p1' AND name='E2E_LOGIN'",
+            [old_ref],
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        assert!(
+            save_test_account(&conn, &store, "p1", "E2E_LOGIN", "new-user", "new-password")
+                .is_err()
+        );
+        let account = read_test_account(&conn, &store, "p1", "E2E_LOGIN").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(account.username, "old-user");
+        assert_eq!(account.password, "old-password");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn failed_initial_test_account_write_stays_pending() {
+        let conn = fixture();
+        register_test_account(
+            &conn,
+            "p1",
+            "E2E_LOGIN",
+            "enterprise-system",
+            "test",
+            "登录验收",
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        let store = MemoryCredentialStore::failing();
+        assert!(save_test_account(&conn, &store, "p1", "E2E_LOGIN", "user", "password").is_err());
+        assert!(!list(&conn, &MemoryCredentialStore::new(), "p1").unwrap()[0].configured);
+        let reference: Option<String> = conn
+            .query_row(
+                "SELECT credential_ref FROM project_dev_variables WHERE project_id='p1' AND name='E2E_LOGIN'",
+                [],
+                |row| row.get(0),
+            )
+            .unwrap();
+        assert!(reference.is_none());
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn failed_write_or_delete_preserves_old_value_and_reference() {
         let conn = fixture();
@@ -455,6 +757,58 @@ mod tests {
         std::fs::remove_file(path).unwrap();
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn test_account_can_be_reused_after_database_reopen() {
+        let path =
+            std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("lianjing-test-account-{}.db", uuid::Uuid::new_v4()));
+        let store = MemoryCredentialStore::new();
+        {
+            let conn = Connection::open(&path).unwrap();
+            conn.execute_batch("PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON;").unwrap();
+            crate::db::migrate(&conn);
+            conn.execute(
+                "INSERT INTO project_profiles (id,name) VALUES ('profile-1','QA')",
+                [],
+            )
+            .unwrap();
+            conn.execute(
+                "INSERT INTO project_workspaces (id,profile_id) VALUES ('p1','profile-1')",
+                [],
+            )
+            .unwrap();
+            register_test_account(
+                &conn,
+                "p1",
+                "E2E_LOGIN",
+                "enterprise-system",
+                "test",
+                "登录验收",
+            )
+            .unwrap();
+            save_test_account(
+                &conn,
+                &store,
+                "p1",
+                "E2E_LOGIN",
+                "reused-user",
+                "reused-password",
+            )
+            .unwrap();
+        }
+        {
+            let conn = Connection::open(&path).unwrap();
+            crate::db::migrate(&conn);
+            let statuses = list(&conn, &store, "p1").unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(statuses.len(), 1);
+            assert!(statuses[0].configured);
+            let account = read_test_account(&conn, &store, "p1", "E2E_LOGIN").unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(account.username, "reused-user");
+            assert_eq!(account.password, "reused-password");
+            revoke(&conn, &store, "p1", "E2E_LOGIN").unwrap();
+        }
+        std::fs::remove_file(path).unwrap();
+    }
+
     #[cfg(windows)]
     #[test]
     fn tauri_commands_use_same_state_and_never_return_value_in_list() {
@@ -495,4 +849,54 @@ mod tests {
         conn.execute("DELETE FROM project_profiles WHERE id=?1", [&profile_id])
             .unwrap();
     }
+
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    #[test]
+    fn tauri_test_account_command_uses_same_state_without_listing_values() {
+        crate::db::init_test_pool();
+        let project_id = format!("qa-only-account-{}", uuid::Uuid::new_v4());
+        let profile_id = format!("qa-only-profile-{}", uuid::Uuid::new_v4());
+        {
+            let conn = crate::db::pool().get().unwrap();
+            conn.execute(
+                "INSERT INTO project_profiles (id,name) VALUES (?1,'QA')",
+                [&profile_id],
+            )
+            .unwrap();
+            conn.execute(
+                "INSERT INTO project_workspaces (id,profile_id) VALUES (?1,?2)",
+                params![project_id, profile_id],
+            )
+            .unwrap();
+            register_test_account(
+                &conn,
+                &project_id,
+                "E2E_LOGIN",
+                "enterprise-system",
+                "test",
+                "合成登录验收",
+            )
+            .unwrap();
+        }
+        assert!(!list_project_dev_variables(project_id.clone()).unwrap()[0].configured);
+        save_project_test_account(
+            project_id.clone(),
+            "E2E_LOGIN".into(),
+            "qa-only-command-user".into(),
+            "qa-only-command-password".into(),
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        let statuses = list_project_dev_variables(project_id.clone()).unwrap();
+        assert!(statuses[0].configured);
+        let serialized = serde_json::to_string(&statuses).unwrap();
+        assert!(!serialized.contains("qa-only-command-user"));
+        assert!(!serialized.contains("qa-only-command-password"));
+        revoke_project_dev_variable(project_id.clone(), "E2E_LOGIN".into()).unwrap();
+        assert!(!list_project_dev_variables(project_id.clone()).unwrap()[0].configured);
+        let conn = crate::db::pool().get().unwrap();
+        conn.execute("DELETE FROM project_workspaces WHERE id=?1", [&project_id])
+            .unwrap();
+        conn.execute("DELETE FROM project_profiles WHERE id=?1", [&profile_id])
+            .unwrap();
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src-tauri/src/db.rs b/src-tauri/src/db.rs
index a8e7927..5fe41c8 100644
--- a/src-tauri/src/db.rs
+++ b/src-tauri/src/db.rs
@@ -1064,11 +1064,26 @@ pub(crate) fn migrate(conn: &rusqlite::Connection) {
             name TEXT NOT NULL,
             purpose TEXT NOT NULL,
             credential_ref TEXT,
+            kind TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'scalar',
+            service TEXT,
+            environment TEXT,
             updated_at TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT (datetime('now')),
             PRIMARY KEY (project_id, name)
         );",
     )
     .expect("migrate project dev variables");
+    let _ = conn.execute(
+        "ALTER TABLE project_dev_variables ADD COLUMN kind TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'scalar'",
+        [],
+    );
+    let _ = conn.execute(
+        "ALTER TABLE project_dev_variables ADD COLUMN service TEXT",
+        [],
+    );
+    let _ = conn.execute(
+        "ALTER TABLE project_dev_variables ADD COLUMN environment TEXT",
+        [],
+    );
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -1173,6 +1188,36 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(!columns.contains(&"value".to_string()));
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn test_account_columns_upgrade_existing_dev_variable_rows() {
+        let conn = conn_with_schema();
+        conn.execute_batch(
+            "DROP TABLE project_dev_variables;
+             CREATE TABLE project_dev_variables (
+                project_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+                name TEXT NOT NULL,
+                purpose TEXT NOT NULL,
+                credential_ref TEXT,
+                updated_at TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT (datetime('now')),
+                PRIMARY KEY (project_id, name)
+             );
+             INSERT INTO project_dev_variables (project_id,name,purpose)
+             VALUES ('p1','LEGACY_VALUE','legacy');",
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        migrate(&conn);
+        migrate(&conn);
+        let row: (String, Option<String>, Option<String>) = conn
+            .query_row(
+                "SELECT kind,service,environment FROM project_dev_variables
+                 WHERE project_id='p1' AND name='LEGACY_VALUE'",
+                [],
+                |row| Ok((row.get(0)?, row.get(1)?, row.get(2)?)),
+            )
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(row, ("scalar".to_string(), None, None));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn sync_state_touch_then_read() {
         let conn = conn_with_schema();